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Mimpi Basah Setelah Sahur???

Oleh Aam Amiruddin | Ramadan Mubarak – Sen, 16 Jul 2012 (yahoo.com)



Bagaimana kalau mimpi basah abis sahur? Apakah puasa saya tetap sah sampai Magrib?(Bamby, Semarang)

Apabila kita sedang berpuasa, melakukan sesuatu yang membatalkan puasa tanpa kesadaran atau tanpa kesesengajaan, misalnya makan atau minum, maka puasanya tidak batal karena dilakukan tanpa kesengajaan atau tanpa kesadaran.

Mimpi basah terjadi tanpa niat dan tanpa kesengajaan orang yang mengalaminya. Mimpi basah terjadi karena proses biologis ketika kapasitas sperma sudah melewati ambang batas, maka sperma itu keluar lewat mimpi, yang kemudian disebut mimpi basah.

Karena mimpi basah itu terjadi di luar kesengajaan atau kesadaran kita, maka hukumnya sama seperti kita makan atau minum tanpa sengaja. Oleh karena itu, puasanya tetap sah dan harus dilanjutkan hingga magrib.

Ada beberapa aktivitas yang mungkin oleh sebagian orang dinilai dapat membatalkan puasa, termasuk mimpi basah. Padahal jika merujuk pada keterangan-keterangan yang sahih dari Nabi Muhammad SAW ternyata hal tersebut tidaklah membatalkan puasa. Apa sajakah itu?

Gosok gigi
Islam memerintahkan kita menjaga kebersihan, salah satunya dengan menjaga kebersihan gigi. Karena itu menggosok gigi tetap dianjurkan walau sedang berpuasa. Hal ini mengacu ke hadis, Amir bin Rabi’ah R.A. mengatakan, “Aku melihat Rasulullah SAW menggosok gigi padahal beliau sedang puasa” (H.R. Ahmad dan Bukhari).

Muntah & mimpi basah
Orang yang muntadan mimpi basah puasanya tidak batal karena itu di luar kemampuan dirinya. Sebagaimana hadits, “Tidak batal orang yangmuntah, yangmimpi hubungan seks, dan berbekam (diambil darah).” (H.R. Abu Daud).

Mencium istri
Istri Rasulullah SAW. Ummu Salamah r.a. mengatakan, “Nabi Muhammad SAW menciumku padahal beliau sedang puasa" (H.R. Tirmidzi).

Diriwayatkan dari Aisyah R.A., “Nabi Muhammad SAW memeluk dan mencium (istrinya) ketika sedang berpuasa, dan beliau lebih mampu menahan diri dari siapa pun di antara kalian” (H.R. Bukhari).

Diambil darah
Diambil darah saat puasa untuk keperluan laboratorium atau sebagai donor darah tidak membatalkan puasa kecuali jika dengan donor tubuh menjadi lemah (drop), diperbolehkan untuk berbuka. Hal ini mengacu pada hadis, “Nabi Muhammad SAW berbekam (diambil darah) ketika beliau puasa” (H.R. Bukhari).

Mandi siang hariMandi di siang hari tidak membatalkan puasa sebagaimana keterangan seorang sahabat berikut, “Aku melihat Rasulullah SAW menuangkan air di kepalanya ketika puasa karena cuaca panas” (H.R. Ahmad).

Berkumur-kumurUmar R.A. berkata, "Suatu hari aku merasa gembira kemudian aku mencium [istriku] padahal aku sedang puasa. Lalu aku mendatangi Nabi Muhammad SAW kataku, 'Hari ini saya melakukan kesalahan besar, saya mencium istri padahal sedang puasa,' Rasulullah SAW bersabda, 'Apa pendapatmu jika kamu berkumur dengan air, padahal engkau puasa?' Aku menjawab,'Tidak apa-apa,' Nabi bersabda, 'Lalu mengapa?'" (H.R. Ahmad dan Abu Daud)

This is a hated Culinary Many People

 Shark fins are considered a luxury in Chinese cuisine since the Ming Dynasty kings for food was delicious the first time more than 400 years ago. However, ways of capturing sharks unsustainable and cruel to shark populations are increasingly threatened with extinction. On Sunday, more than 150 activists rallied to raise awareness about environmental issues and shark populations associated with the sale of shark fins.
Under the hot weather, the activists deliver a letter containing an appeal to the head of the new Hong Kong government, CY Leung, to prohibit serving shark fin dishes at the events official government meetings.According to Rachel Vickerstaff of Shark Foundation Hong Kong, a city in southern China was the top destination for more than half of world trade in shark fins, which is worth more than $ 500 million a year."Our goal is to increase public awareness about what we are doing and make CY Leung know why he needs to save the sharks," he said.Sharks are protected under the Convention on International Trade for Endangered Species (Convention on international calls Trade in Endangered Species / CITES). However, Vickerstaff memhitung that about 70 million sharks are killed each year to meet growing demand for shark fin growing among the wealthy Chinese.Vickerstaff said again, "the Government of Hong Kong using CITES as a cover. CITES is almost no work, because it only imposed a ban on international trade of three species of shark. However, the International Union for the Protection of Nature noted there are over 100 species that are endangered or nearing extinction. "Now, shark fin soup served in a variety of business events and weddings as a symbol of high status. Depending on the quality of shark, shark fin soup costs more than $ 100, while the retail price of the rear fin whale shark reaches $ 20,000.The protection of endangered species from over-fishing said the negative impact to marine ecosystems. But they say there is good news, the young generation in China more reluctant to eat shark fin.Nina Whittaker, a student at the Academy of Li Po Chun United World, said the trend is not only due to the protection of endangered species, but also because of how cruel is done when the fishermen catch sharks."They attract sharks to the boat and cut the fins, shark after it was thrown again into the sea. Sharks can not swim without fins, and it's a very painful way to die. So there are many hundreds of shark carcasses at sea. Really like garbage, "he said.To continue to pressure the government of Hong Kong, in the coming weeks groups of endangered species protection to the CY Leung will deliver a statement from 40 internationally renowned scientists who emphasize environmental reasons on the importance of an end to shark fin trade.

 

Sumber : Yahoo!

THE HEN WITH THE SILVER EGGS

One day, in an Arabian city, a woman went to the market and bought a beautiful hen. A few days later to her surprise the hen she bought laid a silver egg. If the hen could only be persuaded to lay more than one egg each day, the woman was sure she would never have work again.

So the woman decided to make the hen eat more, so that it could lay more eggs

But the only result was that the hen died of indigestion and did not lay more eggs at all

Features and Advantages Froyo Android 2.2

Android's operating system is more developed and is in the interest, the android was until now then add the features in each version, after previous success with Android 2.1 aka Eclair and almost a lot of phones that use it now there is also a version Android 2.2 Froyo eyebrows (Frozen Yogurt).Although officially been released by Google, but not all Android phones could use Froyo. Users still have to wait for official notification issued by each phone vendor. indeed what the hell Android 2.2 features and advantages of detikinet this article may help us to know: D congratulations to enjoy itFor example, detikINET use Froyo Desire to taste.

Increased Performance 
One of the most felt when berlaih from Eclair to Froyo is, the increasing performance of mobile phones. It can be measured through a commonly used benchmark applications on Android, Quadrant.Based on benchmarks performed, an increase perrforma rise until doubled from the previous system (Eclair). Such tests include the testing of processor performance in multimedia processing, up to the graphics capabilities to handle three-dimensional content.In addition, the free memory that is also greater than ever. If you usually only get about 100MB user can now use about 250MB of the 512MB total available memory. Automatic performance meningkatkkan it even more users to run various applications simultaneously.Another change brought by the operating system HTC Froyo for Desire is:

Can put the application on the SD CardUnlike the earlier's operating system can only put all the applications in the main memory. Through Froyo, users can put all the installation files on the external memory.

HD quality video recordingIf users only can record moving images at a maximum resolution of 800 X 480 pixels, not anymore. Thanks to Froyo, video capture resolution can be increased up to 1280 X 720 pixels. Equivalent to half the quality of High Definition.

Can be used as HotspotAfter upgrading to Froyo, users will see a new icon in the row of existing applications, Wi-Fi Hotspot. As the name suggests, this application allows mobile phone users used access point.In addition there are more additional applications such as Flashlight, App Sharing, and Navigation. Especially for the navigation map, only available in beta version and can not be used in multiple locations.

Cheap Mini iPad Released in October

Rumors about the iPad mini re-sticking. Quoted from PC Mag, Friday, May 11, 2012, iMore sites that have information from an anonymous source said that the tablet with seven-inch screen will be launched in October.

Rumors tablet is priced well below Apple's previous tablet or even from some competitors.

Prices range from U.S. $ 200 up to 250 or about USD 1.8 to 2.3 million. Apple touted this release tablet that there is no more room for competitors to survive.

Although low priced, Cupertino-based company is implanting a screen resolution of 2048 x 1536 pixels, like New iPad. But for the storage, iPad Mini is quite economical because it has a capacity of 8 gigabytes.

Rumors about the emergence of mini-sized seven-inch iPad is also exhaled by Digitimes, the site-based technology in Taiwan. Digitimes even mention that the iPad Mini was launched in August. According to Digitimes, iPad Mini will be manufactured by Foxconn.

IPad mini rumor that reinforces these are two different reports saying that Apple bought for 7.85 inch panel in December.

Sumber : Yahoo!

Samsung Galaxy S III Scroll Pamor iPhone

TEMPO.CO, London - Apple iPhone 4S is no longer the most popular phones. Recently replaced by the Samsung Galaxy S III.

According to the analysis uSwitch.com Mobile Tracker in London, UK, latest mobile phones made ​​by South Korean company that is now the most popular handsets based on online searches and sales.

"For consumers who are new to smart phones, the Samsung Galaxy S III is the answer to their hopes of a smartphone," said Ernest Doku, technology analyst at uSwitch.com, as quoted by the Telegraph, Monday, June 4, 2012.

One feature that makes the consumer fascinated, he says, is the ability to track eye movements so that the phone screen is dark.

The report quoted by PC World iFixit shows there are few secrets in the Samsung Galaxy S III which allows him to shift the position of the iPhone 4S.

First is the matter of the battery capacity is far greater than most smart phones, which is 2100mAh. So far, only one smart phone that comes with greater power, the Motorola Razr Maxx with 3300 mAh.

The second matter which technology is better camera than the iPhone 4S. Though both have the same resolution 8-megapixel main camera, shots are produced Galaxy S III, according to iFixit, the better.

In addition, the front camera is available in the Galaxy S III by 1.9-megapixel camera. Magnitude higher resolution than the iPhone 4S with VGA webcam (1.3 megapixels).

Here are the ten most popular phones by searching online:

A. Samsung Galaxy S III

2. Apple iPhone 4S

3. Samsung Galaxy S II

4. HTC One X

5. Samsung Galaxy Ace

6. Samsung Galaxy Note

7. Apple iPhone 4

8. HTC One S

9. HTC One V

10. Sony Xperia S

Source: uSwitch.com

TUGAS 2 BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 PART.3

n Indo-European languages, a relative clause—also called an adjective clause or an adjectival clause—will meet three requirements.

First, like all dependent clauses, it will contain a verb (and it will also contain a subject unless it is a non-finite dependent clause). However, in a pro-drop language the subject may be a zero pronoun—that is, the pronoun may not be explicitly included because its identity is conveyed by a verbal inflection.
Next, it will begin with a relative adverb [when, where, or why in English] or a relative pronoun [who, whom, whose, that, or which in English]. However, the English relative pronoun may be omitted and only implied if it plays the role of the object of the verb or object of a preposition in a restrictive clause; for example, He is the boy I saw is equivalent to He is the boy whom I saw, and I saw the boy you are talking about is equivalent to the more formal I saw the boy about whom you are talking.
Finally, the relative clause will function as an adjective, answering questions such as "what kind?", "how many?" or "which one?".
The adjective clause in English will follow one of these patterns:

• Relative Pronoun [Functioning as Object of Verb] + Subject + Verb

This is the ball that I was bouncing.

• Relative Adverb + Subject + Verb (possibly + Object of Verb)

That is the house where I grew up.

That is the house where I met her.

• Relative Pronoun [Functioning as Subject] + Verb (possibly + Object of Verb)

That is the person who hiccuped.

That is the person who saw me.

• Relative Pronoun [Functioning as Object of Preposition] + Subject + Verb (possibly + Object of Verb) + Preposition

That is the person who(m) I was talking about.

That is the person who(m) I was telling you about.

• Preposition + Relative Pronoun [Functioning as Object of Preposition] + Subject + Verb (possibly + Object of Verb)

That is the person about whom I was talking.

That is the person about whom I was telling you.

• Possessive Relative Pronoun + Noun [Functioning as Subject] + Verb (possibly + Object of Verb)

That is the dog whose big brown eyes pleaded for another cookie.

That is the dog whose big brown eyes begged me for another cookie.

• Possessive Relative Pronoun + Noun [Functioning as Object of Verb] + Subject + Verb

That is the person whose car I saw.

For a discussion of adjective clauses in languages other than English, see Relative clause#Examples.

English punctuation

The punctuation of an adjective clause depends on whether it is essential or nonessential and use commas accordingly. Essential clauses are not set off with commas, while non-essential clauses are. An adjective clause is essential if the information it contains is necessary to the meaning of the sentence. For example:

• The vegetables that people often leave uneaten are usually the most nutritious.

Here "vegetables" is nonspecific, so in order to know which ones is being referred to, one must have the information provided in the adjective clause (in italics). Because it restricts the meaning of "vegetable", this adjective clause is called a restrictive clause; it is essential to the meaning of the main clause and uses no commas (and correspondingly, does not experience a pause when spoken).
However, if the additional information does not help to identify more narrowly the identity of the noun antecedent but rather simply provides further information about it, then the adjective clause is non-restrictive and does require commas (or a spoken pause) to separate it from the rest of the sentence. For example:

• Broccoli, which people often leave uneaten, is very nutritious.

Depending on context, a particular noun could be modified by either a restrictive or non-restrictive adjective clause. For example, while "broccoli" is modified non-restrictively in the preceding sentence, it is modified restrictively in the following.

• The broccoli which people leave uneaten is often nutritious.

Adverbial clause

"He saw Mary when he was in New York" and "They studied hard because they had a test" both contain adverbial clauses (in italics). Adverbial clauses express when, why, where, opposition, and conditions, As with all dependent clauses, they cannot stand alone. For example, When he was in New York is not a complete sentence; it needs to be completed by an independent clause. For example:

• He went to the Guggenheim Museum when he was in New York.

or equivalently

• When he was in New York, he went to the Guggenheim Museum.

Dependent clauses and sentence structure

A sentence with an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses is referred to as a complex sentence. One with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses is referred to as a compound-complex sentence. Here are some English examples:
My sister cried because she scraped her knee. (complex sentence)

• Subjects: My sister, she
• Predicates: cried, scraped her knee
• Subordinating conjunction: because

When they told me (that) I won the contest, I cried, but I didn't faint. **(compound-complex sentence)

• Subjects: they, I, I, I
• Predicates: told me, won the contest, cried, didn't faint
• Subordinating conjunctions: when, that (explicit or understood)
• Coordinating conjunction: but

The above sentence contains two dependent clauses. "When they told me" is one; the other is "(that) I won the contest", which serves as the object of the verb "told." The connecting word "that," if not explicitly included, is understood to implicitly precede "I won" and in either case functions as a subordinating conjunction. This sentence also includes two independent clauses, "I cried" and "I didn't faint," connected by the coordinating conjunction "but." The first dependent clause, together with its object (the second dependent clause), adverbially modifies the verbs of both main clauses.

Non-finite dependent clauses

Dependent clauses may be headed by an infinitive or other non-finite verb form, which in linguistics is called deranked. In these cases, the subject of the dependent clause may take a non-nominative form. An example is:

• I want him to vanish.

Sumber : wikipedia

TUGAS 2 BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 PART.2

Pronouns and determiners

Pronouns and determiners are closely related, and some linguists think pronouns are actually determiners without a noun or a noun phrase. The following chart shows their relationships in English.

	Pronoun	Determiner
Personal (1st/2nd)	we	we Scotsmen
Possessive	ours	our freedom
Demonstrative	this	this gentleman
Indefinite	some	some frogs
Interrogative	who	which option

Examples:

• "She got her looks from her father. He's a plastic surgeon."
  (Groucho Marx)


• Chalmers: Well, Seymour, it seems we've put together a baseball team and I was wondering, who's on first, eh?
  Skinner : Not the pronoun, but rather a player with the unlikely name of "Who" is on first.
  Chalmers : Well that's just great, Seymour. We've been out here six seconds and you've already managed to blow the routine.
  ("Screaming Yellow Honkers," The Simpsons, 1999)


• "We rolled all over the floor, in each other's arms, like two huge helpless children. He was naked and goatish under his robe, and I felt suffocated as he rolled over him. We rolled over me. They rolled over him. We rolled over us."
  (Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita)


• "I used to be with it, but then they changed what 'it' was. Now, what I'm with isn't it, and what's 'it' seems weird and scary to me."
  (Abe in "Homerpalooza," The Simpsons)


• "Why shouldn't things be largely absurd, futile, and transitory? They are so, and we are so, and they and we go very well together."
  (George Santayana)


• "I am he as you are he as you are me and we are all together."
  (John Lennon and Paul McCartney, "I Am the Walrus")

Sumber : wikipedia & grammar 

Adjective Clause 

In linguistics, a dependent clause (sometimes called a subordinate clause) is a clause that augments an independent clause with additional information, but which cannot stand alone as a sentence. Dependent clauses modify the independent clause of a sentence or serve as a component of it. Some grammarians use the term subordinate clause as a synonym for dependent clause, but in some grammars subordinate clause refers only to adverbial dependent clauses.There are also different types of dependent clauses like noun clauses, relative (adjectival) clauses, and adverbial clauses.

Dependent words

In Indo-European languages, a dependent clause usually begins with a dependent word. One kind of dependent word is a subordinating conjunction. Subordinating conjunctions are used to begin dependent clauses known as adverbial clauses, which act like adverbs. In the following examples, the adverbial clauses are bold and the subordinating conjunctions are italicized:

• Wherever she goes, she leaves a piece of luggage behind.

(The adverbial clause wherever she goes modifies the verb leaves.)

• Bob enjoyed the movie more than I did.

(The adverbial clause than I did modifies the adverb more.)

A subordinating conjunction can also introduce a noun clause:

• I know that he likes me.

(The noun clause that he likes me serves as the object of the main-clause verb know.)

Another type of dependent word is the relative pronoun. Relative pronouns begin dependent clauses known as relative clauses; these are adjective clauses, because they modify nouns. In the following example, the relative clause is bold and the relative pronoun is italicized:

• The only one of the seven dwarfs who does not have a beard is Dopey.

(The adjective clause who does not have a beard describes the pronoun one.)

A relative adverb plays the role of an adverb in a relative clause, as in

• That is the reason why I came.

(The relative clause why I came describes the noun reason, and within the relative clause the adverb why modifies the verb came.)

• That is the place where he lives.

(The relative clause where he lives describes the noun place, and within the relative clause the adverb where modifies the verb lives.)

An interrogative word can serve as an adverb in a noun clause, as in

• No one understands why you need experience.

(The noun clause why you need experience functions as the direct object of the main-clause verb "understands", and within the noun clause why serves as an adverb modifying need.)

Noun clause

A noun clause can be used like a noun. It can be a subject, predicate nominative, direct object, appositive, indirect object, or object of the preposition. Some of the English words that introduce noun clauses are that, whether, who, why, whom, what, how, when, whoever, where, and whomever. Notice that some of these words also introduce adjective and adverbial clauses. A clause is a noun clause if a pronoun (he, she, it, or they) could be substituted for it.

Examples:

• I know who said that. (I know it.) (The dependent clause serves as the object of the main-clause verb "know".)
• Whoever made that assertion is wrong. (He/she is wrong.) (The dependent clause serves as the subject of the main clause.)

Sometimes in English a noun clause is used without the introductory word.

Example:

• I know that he is here.
• I know he is here. (without "that")

In some cases, use of the introductory word, though grammatically correct, may sound cumbersome in English, and the introductory word may be omitted.

Example:

• I think that it is pretty. (less common)
• I think it is pretty. (more common)

Relative (adjectival) clause

TUGAS 2 BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 PART.1

Pronoun

In linguistics and grammar, a pronoun (Lat: pronomen) is a pro-form that substitutes for a noun (or noun phrase), such as, in English, the words it (substituting for the name of a certain object) and she (substituting for the female name of a person). The replaced noun is called the antecedent of the pronoun.

For example, consider the sentence "Lisa gave the coat to Phil." All three nouns in the sentence can be replaced by pronouns: "She gave it to him." If the coat, Lisa, and Phil have been previously mentioned, the listener can deduce what the pronouns she, it and him refer to and therefore understand the meaning of the sentence; however, if the sentence "She gave it to him." is the first presentation of the idea, none of the pronouns have antecedents, and each pronoun is therefore ambiguous. Pronouns without antecedents are also called unprecursed pronouns. English grammar allows pronouns to potentially have multiple candidate antecedents. The process of determining which antecedent was intended is known as anaphore resolution.

Types Pronoun

Common types of pronouns found in the world's languages are as follows:

• Personal pronouns stand in place of the names of people or things:
  • Subject pronouns are used when the person or thing is the subject of the sentence or clause. English example: I like to eat chips, but she does not.
    • Second person formal and informal pronouns (T-V distinction). For example, vous and tu in French. There is no distinction in modern English though Elizabethan English marked the distinction with "thou" (singular informal) and "you" (plural or singular formal).
    • Inclusive and exclusive "we" pronouns indicate whether the audience is included. There is no distinction in English.
    • Intensive pronouns, also known as emphatic pronouns, re-emphasize a noun or pronoun that has already been mentioned. English uses the same forms as the reflexive pronouns; for example: I did it myself (contrast reflexive use, I did it to myself).
  • Object pronouns are used when the person or thing is the object of the sentence or clause. English example: John likes me but not her.
    • Direct and indirect object pronouns. English uses the same oblique form for both; for example: Mary loves him (direct object); Mary sent him a letter (indirect object).
    • Reflexive pronouns are used when a person or thing acts on itself. English example: John cut himself.
    • Reciprocal pronouns refer to a reciprocal relationship. English example: They do not like each other.
  • Prepositional pronouns come after a preposition. No distinct forms exist in English; for example: Anna and Maria looked at him.
  • Disjunctive pronouns are used in isolation or in certain other special grammatical contexts. No distinct forms exist in English; for example: Who does this belong to? Me.
  • Dummy pronouns are used when grammatical rules require a noun (or pronoun), but none is semantically required. English example: It is raining.
  • Weak pronouns.
• Possessive pronouns are used to indicate possession or ownership.
  • In a strict sense, the possessive pronouns are only those that act syntactically as nouns. English example: Those clothes are mine.
  • Often, though, the term "possessive pronoun" is also applied to the so-called possessive adjectives (or possessive determiners). For example, in English: I lost my wallet. They are not strictly speaking pronouns^{[citation needed]} because they do not substitute for a noun or noun phrase, and as such, some grammarians classify these terms in a separate lexical category called determiners (they have a syntactic role close to that of adjectives, always qualifying a noun).
• Demonstrative pronouns distinguish the particular objects or people that are referred to from other possible candidates. English example: I'll take these.
• Indefinite pronouns refer to general categories of people or things. English example: Anyone can do that.
  • Distributive pronouns are used to refer to members of a group separately rather than collectively. English example: To each his own.
  • Negative pronouns indicate the non-existence of people or things. English example: Nobody thinks that.
• Relative pronouns refer back to people or things previously mentioned. English example: People who smoke should quit now.
  • Indefinite relative pronouns have some of the properties of both relative pronouns and indefinite pronouns. They have a sense of "referring back", but the person or thing to which they refer has not previously been explicitly named. English example: I know what I like.
• Interrogative pronouns ask which person or thing is meant. English example: Who did that?
  • In many languages (e.g., Czech, English, French, Interlingua, and Russian), the sets of relative and interrogative pronouns are nearly identical. Compare English: Who is that? (interrogative) to I know who that is. (relative).

Active and Passive Voice

Active and Passive Voice

• Active    : He meets them everyday.
• Passive  : They are met by him everyday.
•  
• Active    : She waters this plant every two days.
• Passive  : This plant is watered by her every two days.

• Active    : He met them yesterday
• Passive  : They were met by him yesterday

• Active    : She watered this plant this morning
• Passive  : This plant was watered by her this morning

• Active    : He has met them
• Passive  : They have been met by him
•  
• Active    : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.
• Passive  : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.

• Active    : He had met them before I came.
• Passive  : They had been met by him before I came.

• Active    : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
• Passive  : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here

• Active    : He will meet them tomorrow.
• Passive  : They will be met by him tomorrow.

• Active    : She will water this plant this afternoon.
• Passive  : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon.

• Active    : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week
• Passive  : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week.